using System;
using System.Reflection;
 
namespace Karmian.Framework.Helpers
{
  public sealed class AssemblyHelper
  {
    public static T[] GetCustomAttributes<T>(Assembly assembly) where T : Attribute
    {
      return GetCustomAttributes<T>(assembly, true);
    }
 
    public static T[] GetCustomAttributes<T>(Assembly assembly, bool inherit) where T : Attribute
    {
      if (assembly == null)
        throw new ArgumentNullException("assembly");
      var attributes = assembly.GetCustomAttributes(typeof (T), inherit) as T[];
      return attributes ?? new T[0];
    }
  }
}

Imports System.Reflection
 
Namespace Karmian.Framework.Helpers
  Public NotInheritable Class AssemblyHelper
    Public Shared Function GetCustomAttributes(Of T As Attribute)(assembly As Assembly) As T()
      Return GetCustomAttributes(Of T)(assembly, True)
    End Function
 
    Public Shared Function GetCustomAttributes(Of T As Attribute)(assembly As Assembly, inherit As Boolean) As T()
      If assembly Is Nothing Then
        Throw New ArgumentNullException("assembly")
      End If
      Dim attributes = TryCast(assembly.GetCustomAttributes(GetType(T), inherit), T())
      Return If(attributes, New T(-1) {})
    End Function
  End Class
End Namespace

var guidAttributes = AssemblyHelper.GetCustomAttributes<GuidAttribute>(Assembly.GetEntryAssembly());
if (guidAttributes.Length > 0)
  MessageBox.Show(guidAttributes[0].Value);

Dim guidAttributes = AssemblyHelper.GetCustomAttributes(Of GuidAttribute)(Assembly.GetEntryAssembly())
If guidAttributes.Length > 0 Then
	MessageBox.Show(guidAttributes(0).Value)
End If

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
  <runtime>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn: schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
       <!-- you can set more than one probing path -->
      <probing privateBinPath="Plugins;Plugins2\SubPlugins"/>
    </assemblyBinding>
  </runtime>
</configuration>

static class Program
{
  static void Main()
  {
    AppDomainSetup pluginsDomainSetup = new AppDomainSetup
    {
      ApplicationBase = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory,
      PrivateBinPath = @" Plugins1;Plugins2\SubPlugins"
    };
 
    AppDomain pluginsDomain = AppDomain.CreateDomain
      (Guid.NewGuid().ToString(), AppDomain.CurrentDomain.Evidence, pluginsDomainSetup);
 
    IPlugin plugin = (IPlugin)pluginsDomain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap
      //this call uses full assembly name which is safe
      ("Plugin, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null", "Plugin.Test");
    //actual use of plugin	
    plugin.Use();		
 
    AppDomain.Unload(pluginsDomain);
  }
}

NotInheritable Class Program
  Private Sub New()
  End Sub
  Private Shared Sub Main()
    Dim pluginsDomainSetup As New AppDomainSetup() With { _
      Key .ApplicationBase = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, _
      Key .PrivateBinPath = " Plugins1;Plugins2\SubPlugins" _
    }
 
    Dim pluginsDomain As AppDomain = AppDomain.CreateDomain(Guid.NewGuid().ToString(), AppDomain.CurrentDomain.Evidence, pluginsDomainSetup)
 
    'this call uses full assembly name which is safe
    Dim plugin As IPlugin = DirectCast(pluginsDomain.CreateInstanceAndUnwrap("Plugin, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null", "Plugin.Test"), IPlugin)
    'actual use of plugin  
    plugin.Use()
 
    AppDomain.Unload(pluginsDomain)
  End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Windows.Forms;
 
namespace Karmian.Core.Providers
{
  [Serializable]
  internal class CorePluginProvider
  {
    public CorePluginProvider()
    {
      Initialize();
    }
 
    public IDictionary<string, Assembly> Plugins { get; private set; }
 
    public void Initialize()
    {
      Plugins = new SortedDictionary<string, Assembly>();
      foreach (var file in Directory.GetFiles(
         AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + @"Plugins",
         Application.ProductName + ".Plugin.*.dll", 
         SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly))
      Plugins.Add(AssemblyName.GetAssemblyName(file).FullName, Assembly.LoadFile(file));
 
      AppDomain.CurrentDomain.AssemblyResolve += CurrentDomain_AssemblyResolve;
    }
 
    private Assembly CurrentDomain_AssemblyResolve(object sender, ResolveEventArgs args)
    {
      if (!Plugins.ContainsKey(args.Name))
        throw new InvalidOperationException(
              String.Format("Could not determine valid assembly in context for assembly name '{0}'.", args.Name));
      return Plugins[args.Name];
    }
  }
}

Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Reflection
Imports System.Windows.Forms
 
Namespace Karmian.Core.Providers
  <Serializable> _
  Friend Class CorePluginProvider
    Public Sub New()
      Initialize()
    End Sub
 
    Public Property Plugins() As IDictionary(Of String, Assembly)
      Get
        Return m_Plugins
      End Get
      Private Set
        m_Plugins = Value
      End Set
    End Property
    Private m_Plugins As IDictionary(Of String, Assembly)
 
    Public Sub Initialize()
      Plugins = New SortedDictionary(Of String, Assembly)()
      For Each file As var In Directory.GetFiles(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory & "Plugins", Application.ProductName & ".Plugin.*.dll", SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly)
        Plugins.Add(AssemblyName.GetAssemblyName(file).FullName, Assembly.LoadFile(file))
      Next
 
      AddHandler AppDomain.CurrentDomain.AssemblyResolve, AddressOf CurrentDomain_AssemblyResolve
    End Sub
 
    Private Function CurrentDomain_AssemblyResolve(sender As Object, args As ResolveEventArgs) As Assembly
      If Not Plugins.ContainsKey(args.Name) Then
        Throw New InvalidOperationException([String].Format("Could not determine valid assembly in context for assembly name '{0}'.", args.Name))
      End If
      Return Plugins(args.Name)
    End Function
  End Class
End Namespace

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Globalization;
 
namespace Karmian.Core.TypeConverters
{
  public class EnumDescriptionTypeConverter : EnumConverter
  {
    public EnumDescriptionTypeConverter(Type type) : base(type)
    {
    }
 
    public override bool CanConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, Type sourceType)
    {
      return sourceType == typeof(string) || TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(typeof(Enum)).CanConvertFrom(context, sourceType);
    }
 
    public override object ConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, CultureInfo culture, object value)
    {
      if (value is string)
        return GetEnumValue(EnumType, (string) value);
      if (value is Enum)
        return GetEnumDescription((Enum) value);
      return base.ConvertFrom(context, culture, value);
    }
 
    public override object ConvertTo(ITypeDescriptorContext context, CultureInfo culture, object value, Type destinationType)
    {
      return value is Enum && destinationType == typeof(string)
          ? GetEnumDescription((Enum)value)
          : (value is string && destinationType == typeof(string)
            ? GetEnumDescription(EnumType, (string)value)
            : base.ConvertTo(context, culture, value, destinationType));
    }
 
    public static string GetEnumDescription(Enum value)
    {
      var fieldInfo = value.GetType().GetField(value.ToString());
      var attributes = (DescriptionAttribute[])fieldInfo.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false);
      return (attributes.Length > 0) ? attributes[0].Description : value.ToString();
    }
 
    public static string GetEnumDescription(Type value, string name)
    {
      var fieldInfo = value.GetField(name);
      var attributes = (DescriptionAttribute[])fieldInfo.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false);
      return (attributes.Length > 0) ? attributes[0].Description : name;
    }
 
    public static object GetEnumValue(Type value, string description)
    {
      var fields = value.GetFields();
      foreach (var fieldInfo in fields)
      {
        var attributes = (DescriptionAttribute[])fieldInfo.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false);
        if (attributes.Length > 0 && attributes[0].Description == description)
          return fieldInfo.GetValue(fieldInfo.Name);
        if (fieldInfo.Name == description)
          return fieldInfo.GetValue(fieldInfo.Name);
      }
      return description;
    }
  }
}

Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Globalization
 
Namespace Karmian.Core.TypeConverters
  Public Class EnumDescriptionTypeConverter
    Inherits EnumConverter
    Public Sub New(type As Type)
      MyBase.New(type)
    End Sub
 
    Public Overrides Function CanConvertFrom(context As ITypeDescriptorContext, sourceType As Type) As Boolean
      Return sourceType Is GetType(String) OrElse TypeDescriptor.GetConverter(GetType([Enum])).CanConvertFrom(context, sourceType)
    End Function
 
    Public Overrides Function ConvertFrom(context As ITypeDescriptorContext, culture As CultureInfo, value As Object) As Object
      If TypeOf value Is String Then
        Return GetEnumValue(EnumType, DirectCast(value, String))
      End If
      If TypeOf value Is [Enum] Then
        Return GetEnumDescription(DirectCast(value, [Enum]))
      End If
      Return MyBase.ConvertFrom(context, culture, value)
    End Function
 
    Public Overrides Function ConvertTo(context As ITypeDescriptorContext, culture As CultureInfo, value As Object, destinationType As Type) As Object
      Return If(TypeOf value Is [Enum] AndAlso destinationType Is GetType(String), GetEnumDescription(DirectCast(value, [Enum])), (If(TypeOf value Is String AndAlso destinationType Is GetType(String), GetEnumDescription(EnumType, DirectCast(value, String)), MyBase.ConvertTo(context, culture, value, destinationType))))
    End Function
 
    Public Shared Function GetEnumDescription(value As [Enum]) As String
      Dim fieldInfo = value.[GetType]().GetField(value.ToString())
      Dim attributes = DirectCast(fieldInfo.GetCustomAttributes(GetType(DescriptionAttribute), False), DescriptionAttribute())
      Return If((attributes.Length > 0), attributes(0).Description, value.ToString())
    End Function
 
    Public Shared Function GetEnumDescription(value As Type, name As String) As String
      Dim fieldInfo = value.GetField(name)
      Dim attributes = DirectCast(fieldInfo.GetCustomAttributes(GetType(DescriptionAttribute), False), DescriptionAttribute())
      Return If((attributes.Length > 0), attributes(0).Description, name)
    End Function
 
    Public Shared Function GetEnumValue(value As Type, description As String) As Object
      Dim fields = value.GetFields()
      For Each fieldInfo As FieldInfo In fields
        Dim attributes = DirectCast(fieldInfo.GetCustomAttributes(GetType(DescriptionAttribute), False), DescriptionAttribute())
        If attributes.Length > 0 AndAlso attributes(0).Description = description Then
          Return fieldInfo.GetValue(fieldInfo.Name)
        End If
        If fieldInfo.Name = description Then
          Return fieldInfo.GetValue(fieldInfo.Name)
        End If
      Next
      Return description
    End Function
  End Class
End Namespace

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using Karmian.Core.TypeConverters;
 
namespace GoldenSharp.Common
{
  [TypeConverter(typeof(EnumDescriptionTypeConverter))]
  public enum TargetFramework
  {
    [Description("Default")]
    Default,
    [Description("ISO-1")]
    ISO_1,
    [Description("ISO-2")]
    ISO_2,
    [Description("C# 3.0")]
    CS_3
  }
}

Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports Karmian.Core.TypeConverters
 
Namespace GoldenSharp.Common
	<TypeConverter(GetType(EnumDescriptionTypeConverter))> _
	Public Enum TargetFramework
		<Description("Default")> _
		[Default]
		<Description("ISO-1")> _
		ISO_1
		<Description("ISO-2")> _
		ISO_2
		<Description("C# 3.0")> _
		CS_3
	End Enum
End Namespace

private static void ChangeDescriptionHeight(PropertyGrid grid, int height)
{
  if (grid == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("grid");
 
  foreach (Control control in grid.Controls)
   if (control.GetType().Name == "DocComment")
    {
      FieldInfo fieldInfo = control.GetType().BaseType.GetField("userSized",
        BindingFlags.Instance |
        BindingFlags.NonPublic);
      fieldInfo.SetValue(control, true);
      control.Height = height;
      return;
    }
}

Private Shared Sub ChangeDescriptionHeight(grid As PropertyGrid, height As Integer)
  If grid Is Nothing Then
    Throw New ArgumentNullException("grid")
  End If
 
  For Each control As Control In grid.Controls
    If control.[GetType]().Name = "DocComment" Then
      Dim fieldInfo As FieldInfo = control.[GetType]().BaseType.GetField("userSized", 
	    BindingFlags.Instance Or BindingFlags.NonPublic)
      fieldInfo.SetValue(control, True)
      control.Height = height
      Return
      End If
  Next
End Sub

public static string SanitizeFileName(string name, char replaceChar)
{
  return Path.GetInvalidFileNameChars().Aggregate(name, (current, c) => current.Replace(c, replaceChar));
}

Public Shared Function SanitizeFileName(name As String, replaceChar As Char) As String
  Return Path.GetInvalidFileNameChars().Aggregate(name, Function(current, c) current.Replace(c, replaceChar))
End Function

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
 
namespace Karmian.Framework.Helpers
{
    public class LambdaComparer<T> : IEqualityComparer<T>
    {
        public LambdaComparer(Func<T, T, bool> equals, Func<T, int> getHashCode)
        {
            _equals = equals;
            _getHashCode = getHashCode;
        }
 
        readonly Func<T, T, bool> _equals;
        public bool Equals(T x, T y)
        {
            return _equals(x, y);
        }
 
        readonly Func<T, int> _getHashCode;
        public int GetHashCode(T obj)
        {
            return _getHashCode(obj);
        }
    } 
}

Imports System.Collections.Generic
 
Namespace Karmian.Framework.Helpers
  Public Class LambdaComparer(Of T)
    Implements IEqualityComparer(Of T)
    Public Sub New(equals As Func(Of T, T, Boolean), getHashCode As Func(Of T, Integer))
      _equals = equals
      _getHashCode = getHashCode
    End Sub
 
    ReadOnly _equals As Func(Of T, T, Boolean)
    Public Overloads Function Equals(x As T, y As T) As Boolean Implements IEqualityComparer(Of T).Equals
      Return _equals(x, y)
    End Function
 
    ReadOnly _getHashCode As Func(Of T, Integer)
    Public Overloads Function GetHashCode(obj As T) As Integer Implements IEqualityComparer(Of T).GetHashCode
      Return _getHashCode(obj)
    End Function
  End Class
End Namespace

public class City
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Population { get; set; }
 
    public override string ToString()
    {
        return string.Format("\tName: {0}\t, Population: {1}", Name, Population);
    }
}

Public Class City
  Public Property Name() As String
    Get
      Return m_Name
    End Get
    Set
      m_Name = Value
    End Set
  End Property
  Private m_Name As String
  Public Property Population() As Integer
    Get
      Return m_Population
    End Get
    Set
      m_Population = Value
    End Set
  End Property
  Private m_Population As Integer
 
  Public Overrides Function ToString() As String
    Return String.Format(vbTab & "Name: {0}" & vbTab & ", Population: {1}", Name, Population)
  End Function
End Class

class Program
{
    private static void Main()
    {
        var cities = CreateCities();
        Console.WriteLine("Normal listing:");
        foreach (var city in cities)
            Console.WriteLine(city);
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue...\n");
        Console.ReadKey(true);
 
        Console.WriteLine("Distinct by name:");
        foreach (var city in cities.Distinct(
            new LambdaComparer<City>(
                (c1, c2) => c1.Name.Equals(c2.Name),
                c => 1 /* force compare other than by instance */)))
            Console.WriteLine(city);
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue...\n");
        Console.ReadKey(true);
 
        Console.WriteLine("More than one property is doubled:");
        foreach (var city in cities.Distinct(
            new LambdaComparer<City>(
                (c1, c2) => c1.Population.Equals(c2.Population) || c2.Name.Equals(c2.Name),
                c => 1 /* force compare other than by instance */)))
            Console.WriteLine(city);
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue...\n");
        Console.ReadKey(true);
 
        Console.WriteLine("Contains city with population of 789? :");
        Console.WriteLine(cities.Contains(
            new City { Name = "City789", Population = 789 },
            new LambdaComparer<City>(
                (c1, c2) => c1.Population.Equals(c2.Population),
                c => c.GetHashCode() /* instance has nothing to do here */)));
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue...\n");
        Console.ReadKey(true);
 
        Console.WriteLine("HashSet with equality set to City.Name property? :");
        var hashSet = new HashSet<City>(
            new LambdaComparer<City>(
                (c1, c2) => c1.Name.Equals(c2.Name),
                c => 1 /* force compare other than by instance */))
			        {
			            new City {Name = "aaa"},
			            new City {Name = "aba"},
			            new City {Name = "aaa"},
			            new City {Name = "baa"},
			            new City {Name = "aba"}
			        };
        foreach (var city in hashSet)
            Console.WriteLine(city);
        Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit...\n");
        Console.ReadKey(true);
    }
 
    private static IEnumerable<City> CreateCities()
    {
        return new List<City>
			{
			    new City { Name = "City1", Population = 123 },
			    new City { Name = "City2", Population = 456 },
			    new City { Name = "City1", Population = 789 },
			    new City { Name = "City3", Population = 123 },
			    new City { Name = "City4", Population = 987 },
			    new City { Name = "City4", Population = 654 }
			};
    }
}

Class Program
  Private Shared Sub Main()
    Dim cities = CreateCities()
    Console.WriteLine("Normal listing:")
    For Each city As var In cities
      Console.WriteLine(city)
    Next
    Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue..." & vbLf)
    Console.ReadKey(True)
 
    Console.WriteLine("Distinct by name:")
      ' force compare other than by instance 
    For Each city As var In cities.Distinct(New LambdaComparer(Of City)(Function(c1, c2) c1.Name.Equals(c2.Name), Function(c) 1))
      Console.WriteLine(city)
    Next
    Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue..." & vbLf)
    Console.ReadKey(True)
 
    Console.WriteLine("More than one property is doubled:")
      ' force compare other than by instance 
    For Each city As var In cities.Distinct(New LambdaComparer(Of City)(Function(c1, c2) c1.Population.Equals(c2.Population) OrElse c2.Name.Equals(c2.Name), Function(c) 1))
      Console.WriteLine(city)
    Next
    Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue..." & vbLf)
    Console.ReadKey(True)
 
    Console.WriteLine("Contains city with population of 789? :")
      ' instance has nothing to do here 
    Console.WriteLine(cities.Contains(New City() With { _
      Key .Name = "City789", _
      Key .Population = 789 _
    }, New LambdaComparer(Of City)(Function(c1, c2) c1.Population.Equals(c2.Population), Function(c) c.GetHashCode())))
    Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue..." & vbLf)
    Console.ReadKey(True)
 
    Console.WriteLine("HashSet with equality set to City.Name property? :")
      ' force compare other than by instance 
    Dim hashSet = New HashSet(Of City)(New LambdaComparer(Of City)(Function(c1, c2) c1.Name.Equals(c2.Name), Function(c) 1)) From { _
      New City() With { _
        Key .Name = "aaa" _
      }, _
      New City() With { _
        Key .Name = "aba" _
      }, _
      New City() With { _
        Key .Name = "aaa" _
      }, _
      New City() With { _
        Key .Name = "baa" _
      }, _
      New City() With { _
        Key .Name = "aba" _
      } _
    }
    For Each city As var In hashSet
      Console.WriteLine(city)
    Next
    Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit..." & vbLf)
    Console.ReadKey(True)
  End Sub
 
  Private Shared Function CreateCities() As IEnumerable(Of City)
    Return New List(Of City)() From { _
      New City() With { _
        Key .Name = "City1", _
        Key .Population = 123 _
      }, _
      New City() With { _
        Key .Name = "City2", _
        Key .Population = 456 _
      }, _
      New City() With { _
        Key .Name = "City1", _
        Key .Population = 789 _
      }, _
      New City() With { _
        Key .Name = "City3", _
        Key .Population = 123 _
      }, _
      New City() With { _
        Key .Name = "City4", _
        Key .Population = 987 _
      }, _
      New City() With { _
        Key .Name = "City4", _
        Key .Population = 654 _
      } _
    }
  End Function
End Class

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
 
namespace ExecutableMemoryStream
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                if (args.Length == 0)
                    throw new TargetParameterCountException(
                             "Expected at least one parameter containing executable path.");
 
                using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(args[0], FileMode.Open))
                using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(fileStream))
                {
                    byte[] bin = reader.ReadBytes(Convert.ToInt32(fileStream.Length));
                    Assembly assembly = Assembly.Load(bin);
                    MethodInfo method = assembly.EntryPoint;
                    if (method != null)
                    {
                        object o = assembly.CreateInstance(method.ReflectedType.Name);
                        if (method.GetParameters().Length == 0)
                            method.Invoke(o, new object[0]);
                        else
                        {
                            string[] parameters = new string[args.Length - 1];
                            for (int i = 1; i < args.Length; i++)
                                parameters[i - 1] = args[i];
                            method.Invoke(o, new[] { parameters });
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.BackgroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
                Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
                Console.WriteLine();
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message.PadRight(80));
                Console.BackgroundColor = ConsoleColor.Black;
                Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
                Console.WriteLine("Hit 'd' for details. Any other key will terminate application.");
                if (Console.ReadKey(true).KeyChar == 'd')
                {
                    Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
                    Console.WriteLine();
                    Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
                    Console.ReadKey();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Imports System.IO
Imports System.Reflection
 
Namespace ExecutableMemoryStream
  Class Program
    Private Shared Sub Main(args As String())
      Try
        If args.Length = 0 Then
          Throw New TargetParameterCountException("Expected at least one parameter containing executable path.")
        End If
 
        Using fileStream As New FileStream(args(0), FileMode.Open)
          Using reader As New BinaryReader(fileStream)
            Dim bin As Byte() = reader.ReadBytes(Convert.ToInt32(fileStream.Length))
            Dim assembly__1 As Assembly = Assembly.Load(bin)
            Dim method As MethodInfo = assembly__1.EntryPoint
            If method IsNot Nothing Then
              Dim o As Object = assembly__1.CreateInstance(method.ReflectedType.Name)
              If method.GetParameters().Length = 0 Then
                method.Invoke(o, New Object(-1) {})
              Else
                Dim parameters As String() = New String(args.Length - 2) {}
                For i As Integer = 1 To args.Length - 1
                  parameters(i - 1) = args(i)
                Next
                method.Invoke(o, New () {parameters})
              End If
            End If
          End Using
        End Using
      Catch ex As Exception
        Console.BackgroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red
        Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White
        Console.WriteLine()
        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message.PadRight(80))
        Console.BackgroundColor = ConsoleColor.Black
        Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow
        Console.WriteLine("Hit 'd' for details. Any other key will terminate application.")
        If Console.ReadKey(True).KeyChar = "d"C Then
          Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray
          Console.WriteLine()
          Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace)
          Console.ReadKey()
        End If
      End Try
    End Sub
  End Class
End Namespace